PHP supports type declarations that can be used for parameters, return values, and properties. However, there may be situations when we need a type that is not supported by PHP...

GD extension allows creating and manipulate different format image files. This extension provides functions like image resizing, cropping, rotating, etc. Since PHP 8.0, GD extension has been renamed on Windows...

PHP supports error control operator (@) which can be added to an expression beginning. This operator suppresses notices, warnings, and errors that might be generated by the expression. In versions...

The create_function is a function that allows to create an anonymous function (doesn't have a name). The create_function is based on the eval function which has security issues. Also, it...

PHP supports assertions that trigger an error when a condition is not met. Mostly, assertions are used for testing or debugging purposes during development. PHP provides assert language construct that...

PHP supports magic methods that allow to perform various operations with objects. These methods names starts with two underscores (__). One of these methods is __toString magic method which allows...

PHP is a programming language that commonly used to create web applications and dynamic websites. With each release of PHP, new features and various changes are introduced. This tutorial shows...

JSON is a text-based data format that commonly used to store or transmit data objects between systems. JSON is widely used in web applications. In versions prior to PHP 8.0...

In versions prior to PHP 8.0, the throw keyword is a statement. It means that throw cannot be used in places where only a single expression is expected. Since PHP...

In versions prior to PHP 8.0, we can specify a single type for parameters, return values, and properties. Since PHP 8.0, we can use union types. A union type allows...